مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 20 (پاییز 1397)

  Resistance exercise is one of the methods of training that can have different effects on the status of the body of low mobility people. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in serum levels of Irisin and some inflammatory factors immediately and 24 hours after a high-intensity exercise session in sedentary young women. This semi-experimental study was carried out on 15 low mobility subjects (age: 24 ± 11.5 years, height: 165.57 ± 4.13 cm, weight: 73.12 ± 3.73), voluntarily participated in this research. The exercise session consisted of four upper and four lower limbs, with an intensity of 80-85% of 1RM of the subjects. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and using SPSS software version 18 (P <0.05). A session of high-intensity resistance exercise can help to significantly increase Irisin levels and inflammatory factors (P <0.05). 24 hours after the activity session, Irisin levels and inflammatory factors remained high prior to the session, that this change was a significant difference about Irisin (P <0.05). The findings of this study indicate that a session of high-intensity resistance exercise helped to increase the levels of Irisin and inflammatory factors in sedentary people, which could be considered by researchers

Introduction and The time of direct and indirect care is an indicator for the assessment of the care quality. This study aimed to measure the times of direct and indirect nursing care and related factors in Coronary Care Units in ShahidBehesti Hospital of Kashan in 2016. In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, activities of 32 nurses working in coronary care units were observed. Data were collected using a checklist made of three parts including demographic data, and times of direct and indirect care. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance. The level of significance was set at less than 0.05.
Findings: A total of 2792 caring activities done by the 32 nurses were observed during the study. The mean times of direct care were 145.2±46.9 min and the mean time of indirect care was 143.7±44.1 min per working shift. The time of direct care was more than the time of indirect care in cardiac ICU (162.2±19.17 min vs. 157.72±50.41 min). The largest part of the direct care (38.5%) was delivered in the evening shifts, while the largest part of the indirect care (44%)was delivered in the morning shifts. The time of direct and indirect care had no significant relationship with the nurses’ gender, work experience, employment, and educational status. In coronary care units, the time spent on direct care was more than indirect care. Despite the relatively favorable condition of caring in these units, it is necessary for the nurse managers to implement training programs and use modern documentation technology in order to provide the foundations for optimal clinical care

  Relapses are the most obvious clinical feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) that can have different effects on patients fatigue and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of present study was to evaluate pure effects of occurrence relapse on fatigue and quality of life in patients with MS. In a cross-sectional study, 162 patients with MS (in three groups: non-relapse, 1-2 times of relapses, and ≥ 3 times of relapses) were selected by consecutive sampling and using the clinical and demographic variables inventory, the Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) along with identical analog-spring balance were examined. The data were analyzed byChi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and post hoc tests of Fisher least significant difference (LSD) and Scheffe. The adjusted analyses showed that effects of occurrence relapse was significant in physical functioning, vitality, social functioning, mental health, and physical and mental components (P < 0.05). The following of difference between means in relapse groups showed that patients with ≥3 times of relapses in all identified significant variables have lower mean scores (P < 0.05). In the meantime, significant differences were not observed between different groups of relapse in terms of fatigue level (P > 0.05). MS relapses leading to reduced quality of life in patients and its effects in patients with high relapse rate is highlight.

Background and Objective: Patients with breast cancer experience a high level of mental stress, including uncertainty in the disease, since diagnosis and initiation of treatment, requiring effective training to manage it. Multimedia education is one of the most useful and flexible learning strategies for patients.
Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients with breast cancer referred to the clinic and kinetic cancer of Mashhad and Neishabour hospitals. The intervention group at home was provided with a compact educational card produced by the researcher, and no intervention was performed in the control group. The uncertainty questionnaire of Michel Persian version of the disease was completed before and 1 and 2 months after the intervention by two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software at a significant level of less than 5%.
Results: There was no significant difference in the uncertainty score in the two groups before the intervention (p = 0.42), but in one month after the intervention (p <0.001) and two months after the intervention (p <0.001) ) There was a significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: Multivariate education can be effective in reducing the uncertainty of women with breast cancer, and it is recommended that nurses and health care providers take advantage of this method to facilitate the process of patient education to reduce uncertainty.

  Considering the high importance of the university in country development, evaluation of the performance of the departments in universities is of great importance. The present study was conducted in 2018 with the aim of identifying the factors of organizational performance evaluation in departments of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The statistical population of this study consisted of 30 experts familiar with organizational performance assessment of educational departments and management professors and 90 managers and deputies of educational departments in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Sampling method was census, with a sample of all experts and 72 managers and deputies. In this research, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the Delphi study was used. The significance level of Bartlett's sphericity test in exploratory factor analysis by SPSS software version 22 is 2385.152 and 0.0001, respectively, which indicates that the sample size is suitable for performing factor analysis.
Findings: This research, based on background review and experts’ opinions, identified 35 indicators. Regarding the literature, the components of performance evaluation of faculty departments of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were divided into 6 components of individual factors, factors related to role, intragroup factors, organizational factors, out-of-organization factors and methods efficiency factors. The most important indicators of the performance evaluation components of the faculties of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences include intragroup communication, organizational structure, personnel empowerment, organizational strategic thinking, and learning power. The necessity and effort of the group members and the relevant authorities to improve the status of the educational groups is very important and managers of the departments should be encouraged to use new methods for performance evaluation, which ultimately leads to performance process improvement and achievement of organizational goals.

Introduction and Inflammatory bowel disease causes chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal inflammation that classified into Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In this study, in order to obtain biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease, lncRNA ANRIL (CDKN2B-AS1) gene expression was evaluated. This study included 33 IBD patients and 20 healthy individuals who referred to the Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases ShahidBeheshti University.RNA extracted from tissue samples and subsequently, their cDNA was synthesized. Gene amplification was performed with the aim of measuring the gene expression by a real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) reaction. Data from comparing healthy and healthy tissues were assessed by Student's t-test and One-way ANOVA. In this study, both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis were evaluated based on Features of the disease that included inflammation, and no significant difference was found between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients compared to healthy individuals (P value=0.1340). Also, there was no significant difference in the expression of lncRNA ANRIL in both males and females (P value = 0.2571). The results of the data analysis show that lncRNA ANRIL cannot be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease in Iranian society.

  The perennial herb saffron belongs to the Lily family. From ancient times, saffron as traditional medicine is used as an effective drug for treatment of eye, nervous system, digestive system, kidney, cardiovascular, respiratory, and reproductive systems disorders. Pharmacological research has shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of saffron and its compounds. However, reports have been made on the toxic effects of saffron and its active substances (Crocin, Crosteen, Safranal). This review considered the scientific literature on the toxic effects of saffron and its active ingredients. We searched the literature for basic and clinical studies concerned with the toxic effects of saffron and its active compounds. The electronic databases including PubMed-Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched till to 2019. Keywords were crocus sativus, saffron, safranal, toxicity, crocetin, crocin, picrocrocin combined in different ways to retrieve related articles. The present study provides information on the organic toxicity of saffron and its active components, as well as their side effects in humans. The results of this study showed that the therapeutic doses of saffron and its active ingredients do not induce toxic effects in clinical or experimental studies. Due to the reported toxic effects of saffron and its components in humans, thus the safety of this plant is unclear. It seems that the use of high doses of saffron, especially for pregnant women, should be taken with more care.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is the most important liver chronic disorder. In this study, combined therapy with resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with exercise training was considered on oxidative stress status and inflammatory biomarkers in the heart of rats with NAFLD. Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is the most important liver chronic disorder. In this study, combined therapy with resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with exercise training was considered on oxidative stress status and inflammatory biomarkers in the heart of rats with NAFLD. In this experimental study a total of 56 male rats were divided into two groups, including control (n=7) and NAFLD (n=49). NAFLD was induced using high-fat diets and then the NAFLD rats were randomly divided into seven experimental groups including, patient, saline, resveratrol (RSV), continuous exercise, interval exercise, continuous exercise + RSV, and interval exercise + RSV. Oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-10, and TNF-α were measured in the heart tissue using specific ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using ANOVA program by SPSS software. Resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with exercise training significantly increased the mean of cardiac CAT and SOD activity compared to the patient and saline groups (p<0.0001), while MDA level was significantly decreased (p<0.05). Furthermore, RSV alone or in combination with exercise training significantly decreased the TNF-α content, but significantly increased the IL-10 level in the heart tissue (p<0.001). NAFLD is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in the heart tissue. Although resveratrol alone has an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory property, combined therapy with interval and continuous training can be probably more effective.